--- title: The sloth bear of India and Sri Lanka has a gap where two upper fron… — Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world · tree and pragmatics description: The sloth bear of India and Sri Lanka has a gap where two upper front teeth are missing; it closes its nostrils, blows away dust and sucks termites up through the gap, and mothers carry their cubs on their backs. Who acts: sloth bear, two upper front teeth, bear, mothers. A sentence of the lesson «B --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Bears by kind: the eight bears of the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world/) / 14 # Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world, sentence 14 The sloth bear of India and Sri Lanka has a gap where two upper front teeth are missing; it closes its nostrils, blows away dust and sucks termites up through the gap, and mothers carry their cubs on their backs. **Who acts:** sloth bear, two upper front teeth, bear, mothers · **What happens:** have, be, close, blow away, suck, carry · **To what, where:** gap, nostrils, dust, termites, cubs, backs This is a sentence of the lesson «Bears by kind: the eight bears of the world» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sloth bear, two upper front teeth, bear, mothers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world.lesson:14 # text = The sloth bear of India and Sri Lanka has a gap where two upper front teeth are missing; it closes its nostrils, blows away dust and sucks termites up through the gap, and mothers carry their cubs on their backs. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 sloth sloth NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 bear bear NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 Sri Sri PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 conj _ _ 8 Lanka Lanka PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 flat _ _ 9 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 gap gap NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 18 advmod _ _ 13 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ _ 14 upper upper ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 15 front front ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 17 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:aux 18 missing missing ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 acl:relcl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=11:acl:relcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 19 ; ; PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 21 closes close VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj 22 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 nostrils nostril NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 25 blows blow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 26 away away ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 27 dust dust NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 sucks suck VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 conj _ _ 30 termites termite NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obj _ _ 31 up up ADP RP _ 30 compound:prt _ _ 32 through through ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 gap gap NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=30:nmod 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 mothers mother NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 nsubj _ _ 38 carry carry VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 conj _ _ 39 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 40 nmod:poss _ _ 40 cubs cub NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 obj _ _ 41 on on ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 43 backs back NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=40:nmod 44 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | the sloth bear of India and Sri | a gap | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gap=Patient | | 2 | **is** | present | two upper front teeth | | | | | missing *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **close** | present | bear | bear's nostrils | | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nostril=Patient | | 4 | **blow away** | present | bear *not said here* | dust | | | | away *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent dust=Patient | | 5 | **suck** | present | bear *not said here* | termites | | the gap | | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent termite=Source | | 6 | **carry** | present | mothers | mothers's cubs | | mothers's backs | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cub=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Bears by kind: the eight bears of the…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world/13/) - next →: [Bears by kind: the eight bears of the…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/319-bears-by-kind-the-eight-bears-of-the-world/)