--- title: Newts are amphibians with tails; in spring the male great crested ne… — Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders · tree and pragmatics description: Newts are amphibians with tails; in spring the male great crested newt grows a tall wavy crest, and newts can regrow lost legs and tails. Who acts: Newts, male great crested newt. A sentence of the lesson «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/) / 12 # Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, sentence 12 Newts are amphibians with tails; in spring the male great crested newt grows a tall wavy crest, and newts can regrow lost legs and tails. **Who acts:** Newts, male great crested newt · **What happens:** be, crest, grow, regrow, lose · **To what, where:** amphibians, tall wavy crest, lost legs This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Newts, male great crested newt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:032-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders.lesson:12 # text = Newts are amphibians with tails; in spring the male great crested newt grows a tall wavy crest, and newts can regrow lost legs and tails. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 032-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Newts newt NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 amphibians amphibian NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 4 with with ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 tails tail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _ 6 ; ; PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 spring spring NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 10 male male ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 11 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 12 crested crest VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 amod _ _ 13 newt newt NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 14 grows grow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 16 tall tall ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 17 wavy wavy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 crest crest NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 21 newts newt NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 22 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 regrow regrow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 conj _ _ 24 lost lose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 25 amod _ _ 25 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 tails tail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 conj _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Newts | amphibians | | | | with tails | tree rules | | 2 | **crest** | participle | | | | | | | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **grow** | present | the male great crested newt | a tall wavy crest | | | spring | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location crest=Theme | | 4 | **regrow** | can | newts | lost legs and tails | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **lose** | participle | | | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:032-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/11/) - next →: [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/)