--- title: Many old stories about them are wrong: toads do not give you warts,… — Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders · tree and pragmatics description: Many old stories about them are wrong: toads do not give you warts, and salamanders are not born in fire, they just ran out of damp logs thrown on the fire. Who acts: Many old stories, toads, Frogs. A sentence of the lesson «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primar --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/) / 4 # Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, sentence 4 Many old stories about them are wrong: toads do not give you warts, and salamanders are not born in fire, they just ran out of damp logs thrown on the fire. **Who acts:** Many old stories, toads, Frogs · **What happens:** be, not give, not bear, run, throw · **To what, where:** warts, you, salamanders, fire, damp logs This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many old stories, toads, Frogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:032-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders.lesson:4 # text = Many old stories about them are wrong: toads do not give you warts, and salamanders are not born in fire, they just ran out of damp logs thrown on the fire. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 032-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 2 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 stories story NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 4 about about ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod _ _ 6 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 7 wrong wrong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 9 toads toad NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 10 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 11 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 12 advmod _ _ 12 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:conj 13 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 iobj _ _ 14 warts wart NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 17 salamanders salamander NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj:pass _ _ 18 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 aux:pass _ _ 19 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 20 advmod _ _ 20 born bear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 conj _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 25 just just ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 27 out out ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 27 fixed _ _ 29 damp damp ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 logs log NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl _ _ 31 thrown throw VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 30 acl _ _ 32 on on ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Many old stories about Frogs | | | | | wrong *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **not** **give** | present · do-support | toads | warts | you | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient wart=Theme | | 3 | **not** **bear** | present · passive | | salamanders | | fire | | | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 4 | **run** | past | Frogs *= frog* | | | damp logs | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out log=Trajectory | | 5 | **throw** | participle | | damp logs *not said here* | | the fire | | | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent on fire=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:032-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/3/) - next →: [Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/)