--- title: The first few months are when a puppy learns what is safe, and this… — A puppy at home: the first weeks · tree and pragmatics description: The first few months are when a puppy learns what is safe, and this learning window starts closing at around three months old; puppies that meet many calm new things grow into calmer dogs. Who acts: puppy, learning window, puppies. A sentence of the lesson «A puppy at home: the first weeks» of the b --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [A puppy at home: the first weeks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks/) / 11 # A puppy at home: the first weeks, sentence 11 The first few months are when a puppy learns what is safe, and this learning window starts closing at around three months old; puppies that meet many calm new things grow into calmer dogs. **Who acts:** puppy, learning window, puppies · **What happens:** learn, be, start, close, meet, grow · **To what, where:** many calm new things · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «A puppy at home: the first weeks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (puppy, learning window, puppies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks.lesson:11 # text = The first few months are when a puppy learns what is safe, and this learning window starts closing at around three months old; puppies that meet many calm new things grow into calmer dogs. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 4 amod _ _ 3 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 months month NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 5 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 9 advmod _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 puppy puppy NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 learns learn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 10 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 12 nsubj _ _ 11 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 12 safe safe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 ccomp _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=16:punct 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 15 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 17 det _ _ 16 learning learning NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:compound|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger 17 window window NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 starts start VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 19 closing close VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 18 xcomp _ _ 20 at at ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 around around ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 22 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 23 nummod _ _ 23 months month NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl:unmarked _ _ 24 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 26 puppies puppy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ _ 27 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 28 nsubj _ _ 28 meet meet VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 acl:relcl _ _ 29 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 30 calm calm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 31 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obj _ _ 33 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 34 into into ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 calmer calm ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 36 amod _ _ 36 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 obl _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **learn** | present | a puppy | | | | | | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | | | | | | safe *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **start** | present | this learning window | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 4 | **close** | gerund | this learning window *not said here* | | | | | around *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **meet** | present | puppies | many calm new things | | | | | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Co-Agent | | 6 | **grow** | present | puppies | | | | | into calmer dogs *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into dog=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [A puppy at home: the first weeks, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks/10/) - next →: [A puppy at home: the first weeks, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks/)