--- title: Puppies learn how hard to bite by playing with their littermates; if… — A puppy at home: the first weeks · tree and pragmatics description: Puppies learn how hard to bite by playing with their littermates; if a person says «ouch» and stops the game, the puppy learns gentle mouths keep the fun going. Who acts: Puppies, person, puppy, gentle mouths. A sentence of the lesson «A puppy at home: the first weeks» of the biology course of Mova' --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [A puppy at home: the first weeks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks/) / 12 # A puppy at home: the first weeks, sentence 12 Puppies learn how hard to bite by playing with their littermates; if a person says «ouch» and stops the game, the puppy learns gentle mouths keep the fun going. **Who acts:** Puppies, person, puppy, gentle mouths, fun · **What happens:** learn, bite, play, say, stop, keep · **To what, where:** ouch, game · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «A puppy at home: the first weeks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Puppies, person, puppy, gentle mouths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks.lesson:12 # text = Puppies learn how hard to bite by playing with their littermates; if a person says «ouch» and stops the game, the puppy learns gentle mouths keep the fun going. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Puppies puppy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 learn learn VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 4 advmod _ _ 4 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 xcomp _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 bite bite VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 ccomp _ _ 7 by by SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 8 playing play VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 advcl _ _ 9 with with ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 littermates littermate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 if if SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 17 « « PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 18 ouch ouch NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 » » PUNCT '' _ 18 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=18:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 stops stop VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 game game NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 puppy puppy NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 27 learns learn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 28 gentle gentle ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 mouths mouth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 30 keep keep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 ccomp _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 fun fun NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 33 going go VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 30 xcomp _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **learn** | present | Puppies | | | | | hard *property* | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **bite** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **play** | gerund | | | | | | with dogs's littermates | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with littermate=Theme | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a person | ouch | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent ouch=Topic | | 5 | **stop** | present | a person *not said here* | the game | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality game=Eventuality | | 6 | **learn** | present | the puppy | | | | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **keep** | present | gentle mouths | | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **go** | gerund | the fun | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [A puppy at home: the first weeks, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks/11/) - next →: [A puppy at home: the first weeks, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/326-a-puppy-at-home-the-first-weeks/)