---
title: Many old pets have tartar, a hard brown crust on the teeth, and sore… — Old pets: grey muzzles, slow walks and saying go… · tree and pragmatics
description: Many old pets have tartar, a hard brown crust on the teeth, and sore gums, bad teeth can stop a pet eating, and a grown cat has 30 teeth, of which an old cat may have lost several. Who acts: Many old pets, bad teeth, grown cat, old cat. A sentence of the lesson «Old pets: grey muzzles, slow walks an
---

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# Old pets: grey muzzles, slow walks and saying goodbye, sentence 16

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Many old pets have tartar, a hard brown crust on the teeth, and sore gums, bad teeth can stop a pet eating, and a grown cat has 30 teeth, of which an old cat may have lost several.

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**Who acts:** Many old pets, bad teeth, grown cat, old cat · **What happens:** have, stop, grow, lose · **To what, where:** tartar, pet eating, 30 teeth, several

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Old pets: grey muzzles, slow walks and saying goodbye» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many old pets, bad teeth, grown cat, old cat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:328-old-pets-grey-muzzles-slow-walks-and-saying-goodbye.lesson:16
# text = Many old pets have tartar, a hard brown crust on the teeth, and sore gums, bad teeth can stop a pet eating, and a grown cat has 30 teeth, of which an old cat may have lost several.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 328-old-pets-grey-muzzles-slow-walks-and-saying-goodbye.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	pets	pet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	tartar	tartar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	crust	crust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	gums	gum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nsubj	_	_
21	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
25	eating	eating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	30	amod	_	_
30	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
31	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:parataxis
32	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	33	nummod	_	_
33	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obj	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	42	obl	_	_
37	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nsubj	_	_
40	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
41	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	42	aux	_	_
42	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	33	acl:relcl	_	_
43	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	obj	_	_
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Many old pets | tartar |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tartar=Patient |
| 2 | **stop** | can | bad teeth | a pet eating |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality eating=Eventuality |
| 3 | **grow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | present | a grown cat | 30 teeth |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |
| 5 | **lose** | may · perfect | a old cat | several |  |  |  | of 30 teeth | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent several=Theme of which=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:328-old-pets-grey-muzzles-slow-walks-and-saying-goodbye.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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