--- title: A feather has a central shaft with barbs, and each barb has tiny bar… — Birds: feathers, wings, eggs and flight · tree and pragmatics description: A feather has a central shaft with barbs, and each barb has tiny barbules with hooks that zip together like Velcro; birds re-zip them by preening. Who acts: feather, barb, hooks, birds. A sentence of the lesson «Birds: feathers, wings, eggs and flight» of the biology course of Mova's primary school --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/33-birds-feathers-wings-eggs-and-flight/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Birds: feathers, wings, eggs and flight](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/33-birds-feathers-wings-eggs-and-flight/) / 5 # Birds: feathers, wings, eggs and flight, sentence 5 A feather has a central shaft with barbs, and each barb has tiny barbules with hooks that zip together like Velcro; birds re-zip them by preening. **Who acts:** feather, barb, hooks, birds · **What happens:** have, zip, re-zip, preen · **To what, where:** central shaft, tiny barbules, barbules This is a sentence of the lesson «Birds: feathers, wings, eggs and flight» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (feather, barb, hooks, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:033-birds-feathers-wings-eggs-and-flight.lesson:5 # text = A feather has a central shaft with barbs, and each barb has tiny barbules with hooks that zip together like Velcro; birds re-zip them by preening. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 033-birds-feathers-wings-eggs-and-flight.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 feather feather NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 central central ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 shaft shaft NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 7 with with ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 barbs barb NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 11 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 12 det _ _ 12 barb barb NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 13 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 14 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 barbules barbule NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obj _ _ 16 with with ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 hooks hook NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nmod _ _ 18 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 19 zip zip VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 acl:relcl _ _ 20 together together ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 21 like like ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 Velcro Velcro PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:nmod 23 ; ; PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 24 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ _ 25 re-zip re-zip VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 26 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ _ 27 by by SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 28 preening preen VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 25 advcl _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | a feather | a central shaft | | | | with barbs | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shaft=Patient | | 2 | **have** | present | each barb | tiny barbules | | | | with hooks | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent barbule=Patient | | 3 | **zip** | present | hooks | | | | | like Velcro; together *property* | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **re-zip** | present | birds | barbules *= barbule* | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **preen** | gerund | birds *not said here* | | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:033-birds-feathers-wings-eggs-and-flight.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Birds: feathers, wings, eggs and flight, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/33-birds-feathers-wings-eggs-and-flight/4/) - next →: [Birds: feathers, wings, eggs and flight, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/33-birds-feathers-wings-eggs-and-flight/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/33-birds-feathers-wings-eggs-and-flight/)