--- title: Male birds sing at dawn to claim their patch and attract a partner;… — The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bum… · tree and pragmatics description: Male birds sing at dawn to claim their patch and attract a partner; the still, quiet air at dawn carries song far, and robins and blackbirds are often among the first to start. Who acts: Male birds, still quiet air, robins. A sentence of the lesson «The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bumbl --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds/) / 12 # The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bumblebees and nesting birds, sentence 12 Male birds sing at dawn to claim their patch and attract a partner; the still, quiet air at dawn carries song far, and robins and blackbirds are often among the first to start. **Who acts:** Male birds, still quiet air, robins · **What happens:** sing, claim, attract, carry, be, start · **To what, where:** patch, partner, song This is a sentence of the lesson «The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn, queen bumblebees and nesting birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Male birds, still quiet air, robins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds.lesson:12 # text = Male birds sing at dawn to claim their patch and attract a partner; the still, quiet air at dawn carries song far, and robins and blackbirds are often among the first to start. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Male male ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 sing sing VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 at at ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 dawn dawn NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 claim claim VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 8 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 patch patch NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 attract attract VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 conj _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 partner partner NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT : _ 19 punct _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 16 still still ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 18 quiet quiet ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 20 at at ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 dawn dawn NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 22 carries carry VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 23 song song NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 24 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 22 advmod _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 27 robins robin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 blackbirds blackbird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 conj _ _ 30 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 cop _ _ 31 often often ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 32 among among ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 3 conj _ _ 35 to to PART TO _ 36 mark _ _ 36 start start VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=34:acl 37 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | present | Male birds | | | | dawn | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location | | 2 | **claim** *speech: other* | to-infinitive | Male birds *not said here* | onions's patch | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent patch=Topic | | 3 | **attract** | infinitive | Male birds *not said here* | a partner | | | | | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent partner=Patient | | 4 | **carry** | present | the still quiet air at dawn | song | | | | far *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent song=Theme | | 5 | **is** | present | robins and blackbirds | | | | | first, often *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **start** | to-infinitive | robins and blackbirds *not said here* | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn,…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds/11/) - next →: [The garden in spring: buds, frogspawn,…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/333-the-garden-in-spring-buds-frogspawn-queen-bumblebees-and-nesting-birds/)