---
title: When a garden pond freezes, frogs may rest in the mud at the bottom;… — The garden in winter: bare trees, tracks in the… · tree and pragmatics
description: When a garden pond freezes, frogs may rest in the mud at the bottom; a ball floating on the water keeps a hole open, and the ice must never be smashed with a hammer, because the shock can hurt fish and frogs. Who acts: garden pond, frogs, ball, shock. A sentence of the lesson «The garden in winter: 
---

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# The garden in winter: bare trees, tracks in the snow and who sleeps where, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When a garden pond freezes, frogs may rest in the mud at the bottom; a ball floating on the water keeps a hole open, and the ice must never be smashed with a hammer, because the shock can hurt fish and frogs.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** garden pond, frogs, ball, shock · **What happens:** freeze, rest, float, keep, not smash, hurt · **To what, where:** mud, water, hole, ice, fish

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «The garden in winter: bare trees, tracks in the snow and who sleeps where» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (garden pond, frogs, ball, shock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:336-the-garden-in-winter-bare-trees-tracks-in-the-snow-and-who-sleeps-where.lesson:11
# text = When a garden pond freezes, frogs may rest in the mud at the bottom; a ball floating on the water keeps a hole open, and the ice must never be smashed with a hammer, because the shock can hurt fish and frogs.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 336-the-garden-in-winter-bare-trees-tracks-in-the-snow-and-who-sleeps-where.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	freezes	freeze	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
8	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	rest	rest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	ball	ball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
19	floating	float	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	acl	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	xcomp	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:amod
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=23:cc
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj:pass	_	_
31	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
32	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	34	advmod	_	_
33	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	aux:pass	_	_
34	smashed	smash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	23	conj	_	_
35	with	with	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	hammer	hammer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
39	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	43	mark	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	shock	shock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nsubj	_	_
42	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	43	aux	_	_
43	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	advcl	_	_
44	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	obj	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=44:cc
46	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	conj	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **freeze** | present | a garden pond |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **rest** | may | frogs |  |  | the mud |  | at the bottom | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent in mud=Location |
| 3 | **float** | gerund | a ball *not said here* |  |  | the water |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on water=Trajectory |
| 4 | **keep** | present | a ball | a hole |  |  |  | open *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **smash** | must · passive |  | the ice |  |  |  | with a hammer | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with hammer=Instrument |
| 6 | **hurt** | can | the shock | fish and frogs |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fish=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:336-the-garden-in-winter-bare-trees-tracks-in-the-snow-and-who-sleeps-where.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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