--- title: Birches have white bark and small triangular leaves, are often the f… — Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, bir… · tree and pragmatics description: Birches have white bark and small triangular leaves, are often the first trees to grow on open land, and in Ukraine and other countries people drink birch sap in spring. Who acts: Birches, people. A sentence of the lesson «Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Park trees: telling oaks, maples, ches…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/) / 11 # Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart, sentence 11 Birches have white bark and small triangular leaves, are often the first trees to grow on open land, and in Ukraine and other countries people drink birch sap in spring. **Who acts:** Birches, people · **What happens:** have, be, grow, drink · **To what, where:** white bark, first trees, open land, birch sap, Ukraine This is a sentence of the lesson «Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Birches, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart.lesson:11 # text = Birches have white bark and small triangular leaves, are often the first trees to grow on open land, and in Ukraine and other countries people drink birch sap in spring. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Birches birch NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 bark bark NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 6 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 7 triangular triangular ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 leaves leaf NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 10 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 11 often often ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 14 amod _ _ 14 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 conj _ _ 15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark _ _ 16 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 acl _ _ 17 on on ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 open open ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=23:punct 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 22 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 Ukraine Ukraine PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 25 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 27 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ _ 28 drink drink VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 29 birch birch NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 30 sap sap NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 spring spring NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Birches | white bark and small triangular leaves | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bark=Patient | | 2 | **is a** | present | Birches *not said here* | the first trees | | | | often *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **grow** | to-infinitive | Birches *not said here* | | | open land | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on land=Location | | 4 | **drink** | present | people | birch sap | | Ukraine and other countries | spring | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sap=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Park trees: telling oaks, maples, ches…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/10/) - next →: [Park trees: telling oaks, maples, ches…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/)