--- title: In winter, bark, buds and shape still tell trees apart: ash has blac… — Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, bir… · tree and pragmatics description: In winter, bark, buds and shape still tell trees apart: ash has black buds, beech has long pointed buds, birch bark is white and oak bark is rough and cracked. Who acts: bark, ash, beech, birch bark. A sentence of the lesson «Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows ap --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Park trees: telling oaks, maples, ches…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/) / 17 # Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart, sentence 17 In winter, bark, buds and shape still tell trees apart: ash has black buds, beech has long pointed buds, birch bark is white and oak bark is rough and cracked. **Who acts:** bark, ash, beech, birch bark, oak bark · **What happens:** tell, have, point, be · **To what, where:** trees, black buds, long pointed buds · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Park trees: telling oaks, maples, chestnuts, birches, limes and willows apart» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bark, ash, beech, birch bark), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart.lesson:17 # text = In winter, bark, buds and shape still tell trees apart: ash has black buds, beech has long pointed buds, birch bark is white and oak bark is rough and cracked. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 4 bark bark NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 6 buds bud NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 shape shape NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 9 still still ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 10 tell tell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 11 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 12 apart apart ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 14 ash ash NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 parataxis _ _ 16 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 buds bud NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct 19 beech beech NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 20 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 21 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 22 pointed point VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 23 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=23:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 23 buds bud NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 birch birch NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 bark bark NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 27 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 28 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 parataxis _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 30 oak oak NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 31 bark bark NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 32 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 cop _ _ 33 rough rough ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 conj _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 35 cracked cracked ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:conj 36 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | infinitive | bark and buds and shape | trees | | | still; winter | apart *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tree=Recipient | | 2 | **have** | present | ash | black buds | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bud=Patient | | 3 | **have** | present | beech | long pointed buds | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bud=Patient | | 4 | **point** | participle | | | | | | | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is** | present | birch bark | | | | | white *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **is** | present | oak bark | | | | | rough *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **be** | | oak bark *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Park trees: telling oaks, maples, ches…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/16/) - next →: [Weeds and wildflowers: dandelions, net…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/340-weeds-and-wildflowers-dandelions-nettles-daisies-clover-and-plantain/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/339-park-trees-telling-oaks-maples-chestnuts-birches-limes-and-willows-apart/)