--- title: A cow gives milk only after she has had a calf; dairy cows usually c… — Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, bu… · tree and pragmatics description: A cow gives milk only after she has had a calf; dairy cows usually calve about once a year and give milk for about ten months after, and a good one gives about 25 to 30 litres a day. Who acts: cow, dairy cows, good one. A sentence of the lesson «Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Where milk comes from: cow to carton,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/) / 10 # Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt, sentence 10 A cow gives milk only after she has had a calf; dairy cows usually calve about once a year and give milk for about ten months after, and a good one gives about 25 to 30 litres a day. **Who acts:** cow, dairy cows, good one · **What happens:** give, have, calve, give about · **To what, where:** milk, calf, 25 litres This is a sentence of the lesson «Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cow, dairy cows, good one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt.lesson:10 # text = A cow gives milk only after she has had a calf; dairy cows usually calve about once a year and give milk for about ten months after, and a good one gives about 25 to 30 litres a day. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 cow cow NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 milk milk NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 only only ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:advmod 6 after after SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 7 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 8 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 had have VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 calf calf NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 13 dairy dairy NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 cows cow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 15 usually usually ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 calve calve VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:parataxis|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 17 about about ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 18 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 16 advmod _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:obl:unmarked 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 23 milk milk NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 24 for for ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 about about ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 ten ten NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 27 nummod _ _ 27 months month NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 28 after after ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 32 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 34 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 35 about about ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 36 25 25 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 39 nummod _ _ 37 to to ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 30 30 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 36 nmod _ _ 39 litres litre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=34:obl:unmarked 40 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nmod:unmarked _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give** | present | a cow | milk | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milk=Theme | | 2 | **have** | present · perfect | cow | a calf | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent calf=Patient | | 3 | **calve** | present | dairy cows | | | | | once, usually *property* | vn calve-28.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **give** | present | dairy cows *not said here* | milk | | | month | after *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milk=Theme | | 5 | **give about** | present | a good one | 25 litres a day | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litre=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Where milk comes from: cow to carton,…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/9/) - next →: [Where milk comes from: cow to carton,…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/)