--- title: Shaking or churning cream makes the fat drops stick together into bu… — Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, bu… · tree and pragmatics description: Shaking or churning cream makes the fat drops stick together into butter, leaving buttermilk, and about 20 litres of milk make one kilogram of butter. Who acts: Shaking, fat drops, 20 litres. A sentence of the lesson «Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt» of the biology c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Where milk comes from: cow to carton,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/) / 16 # Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt, sentence 16 Shaking or churning cream makes the fat drops stick together into butter, leaving buttermilk, and about 20 litres of milk make one kilogram of butter. **Who acts:** Shaking, fat drops, 20 litres · **What happens:** shake, churn, make, stick together, leave · **To what, where:** cream, butter, buttermilk, one kilogram This is a sentence of the lesson «Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shaking, fat drops, 20 litres), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt.lesson:16 # text = Shaking or churning cream makes the fat drops stick together into butter, leaving buttermilk, and about 20 litres of milk make one kilogram of butter. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Shaking shake VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 csubj _ _ 2 or or CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 churning churn VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 1 conj _ _ 4 cream cream NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 fat fat NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 8 drops drop NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 9 stick stick VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 ccomp _ _ 10 together together ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 11 into into ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 butter butter NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 leaving leave VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 advcl _ _ 15 buttermilk buttermilk NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 18 about about ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 20 20 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 nummod _ _ 20 litres litre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 milk milk NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 23 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:parataxis 24 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 25 nummod _ _ 25 kilogram kilogram NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 butter butter NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **shake** | gerund | | | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **churn** | gerund | | cream | | | | | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cream=Product | | 3 | **make** | present | Shaking | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **stick together** | present | the fat drops | | | butter | | together *property* | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into butter=Destination | | 5 | **leave** | gerund | the fat drops *not said here* | buttermilk | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent buttermilk=Theme | | 6 | **make** | infinitive | 20 litres of milk | one kilogram of butter | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset kilogram=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Where milk comes from: cow to carton,…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/15/) - next →: [Where milk comes from: cow to carton,…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/)