--- title: In winter many cows live indoors eating hay and silage because field… — A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest an… · tree and pragmatics description: In winter many cows live indoors eating hay and silage because fields are muddy and grass hardly grows, and a milking cow can drink about 50 to 100 litres of water a day. Who acts: many cows, fields, grass, milking cow. A sentence of the lesson «A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and wint --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/) / 17 # A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding, sentence 17 In winter many cows live indoors eating hay and silage because fields are muddy and grass hardly grows, and a milking cow can drink about 50 to 100 litres of water a day. **Who acts:** many cows, fields, grass, milking cow · **What happens:** live, eat, be, grow, drink · **To what, where:** hay, 50 This is a sentence of the lesson «A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking, harvest and winter feeding» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many cows, fields, grass, milking cow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding.lesson:17 # text = In winter many cows live indoors eating hay and silage because fields are muddy and grass hardly grows, and a milking cow can drink about 50 to 100 litres of water a day. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 3 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 cows cow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 5 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 indoors indoors ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 7 eating eat VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 advcl _ _ 8 hay hay NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 silage silage NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj _ _ 11 because because SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 12 fields field NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 13 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 14 muddy muddy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 advcl _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 17 hardly hardly ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 grows grow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 22 milking milking NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 23 cow cow NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 24 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 25 drink drink VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:parataxis 26 about about ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=27:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 27 50 50 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 25 obl _ _ 28 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=30:case 29 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 30 nummod _ _ 30 litres litre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=27:nmod 31 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nmod:unmarked _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | many cows | | | | winter | indoors *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **eat** | gerund | many cows *not said here* | hay and silage | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hay=Patient | | 3 | **is** | present | fields | | | | | muddy *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **grow** | present | grass | | | | | hardly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **drink** | can | a milking cow | 50 a day | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent litre=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking,…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/16/) - next →: [A year on a farm: lambing, haymaking,…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/349-a-year-on-a-farm-lambing-haymaking-harvest-and-winter-feeding/)