--- title: A cuckoo lays its egg in another bird's nest; the cuckoo chick pushe… — Birds of every kind: penguins, ostriches, parrot… · tree and pragmatics description: A cuckoo lays its egg in another bird's nest; the cuckoo chick pushes out the other eggs and the foster parents feed it even when it is far bigger than them; young cuckoos later fly to Africa alone, with no parents to show them the way. Who acts: cuckoo, cuckoo chick, foster parents, young cuckoos. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/35-birds-of-every-kind/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Birds of every kind: penguins, ostrich…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/35-birds-of-every-kind/) / 15 # Birds of every kind: penguins, ostriches, parrots, hummingbirds, songbirds, crows, sentence 15 A cuckoo lays its egg in another bird's nest; the cuckoo chick pushes out the other eggs and the foster parents feed it even when it is far bigger than them; young cuckoos later fly to Africa alone, with no parents to show them the way. **Who acts:** cuckoo, cuckoo chick, foster parents, young cuckoos · **What happens:** lay, push out, feed, be, fly, show · **To what, where:** egg, nest, other eggs, Africa, way, chicks This is a sentence of the lesson «Birds of every kind: penguins, ostriches, parrots, hummingbirds, songbirds, crows» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cuckoo, cuckoo chick, foster parents, young cuckoos), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:035-birds-of-every-kind.lesson:15 # text = A cuckoo lays its egg in another bird's nest; the cuckoo chick pushes out the other eggs and the foster parents feed it even when it is far bigger than them; young cuckoos later fly to Africa alone, with no parents to show them the way. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 035-birds-of-every-kind.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×2, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 cuckoo cuckoo NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 lays lay VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 5 egg egg NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 7 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 8 det _ _ 8 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod:poss _ _ 9 's 's PART POS _ 8 case _ _ 10 nest nest NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:nmod 11 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=3:punct 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:det 13 cuckoo cuckoo NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:compound 14 chick chick NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:compound 15 pushes push VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 16 out out ADP RP _ 15 compound:prt _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 eggs egg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obj _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 22 foster foster ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 23 parents parent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 24 feed feed VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 obj _ _ 26 even even ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 27 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 31 advmod _ _ 28 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 29 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 30 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 31 advmod _ _ 31 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 24 advcl _ _ 32 than than ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obl _ _ 34 ; ; PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=3:punct 35 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 cuckoos cuckoo NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 nsubj _ _ 37 later late ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 38 advmod _ _ 38 fly fly VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 39 to to ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 obl _ _ 41 alone alone ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 42 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 43 with with ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 45 det _ _ 45 parents parent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 obl _ _ 46 to to PART TO _ 47 mark _ _ 47 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 38 advcl _ _ 48 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 iobj _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obj _ _ 51 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lay** | present | a cuckoo | cuckoo's egg | | another bird's nest | | | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in nest=Destination | | 2 | **push out** | present | the cuckoo chick | the other eggs | | | | | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Theme | | 3 | **feed** | present | the foster parents | egg | | | | | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 4 | **is** | present | cuckoo | | | | | than chicks *= chick*; big, far *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **fly** | present | young cuckoos | | Africa | | | with no parents; alone, late *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to africa=Result | | 6 | **show** | to-infinitive | young cuckoos *not said here* | the way | chicks *= chick* | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient way=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:035-birds-of-every-kind.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×2, R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Birds of every kind: penguins, ostrich…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/35-birds-of-every-kind/14/) - next →: [Birds of every kind: penguins, ostrich…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/35-birds-of-every-kind/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/35-birds-of-every-kind/)