--- title: Alpacas and llamas have two toes on each foot with soft pads that do… — Farm animals by numbers: stomachs, hooves, toes,… · tree and pragmatics description: Alpacas and llamas have two toes on each foot with soft pads that do not damage the ground, their stomachs have three chambers while a cow's has four, and alpacas share one toilet pile in a field. Who acts: Alpacas, soft pads, stomachs, cow. A sentence of the lesson «Farm animals by numbers: stomach --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Farm animals by numbers: stomachs, hoo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres/) / 16 # Farm animals by numbers: stomachs, hooves, toes, eggs and litres, sentence 16 Alpacas and llamas have two toes on each foot with soft pads that do not damage the ground, their stomachs have three chambers while a cow's has four, and alpacas share one toilet pile in a field. **Who acts:** Alpacas, soft pads, stomachs, cow · **What happens:** have, not damage, share · **To what, where:** two toes, foot, ground, three chambers, four, one toilet pile This is a sentence of the lesson «Farm animals by numbers: stomachs, hooves, toes, eggs and litres» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alpacas, soft pads, stomachs, cow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres.lesson:16 # text = Alpacas and llamas have two toes on each foot with soft pads that do not damage the ground, their stomachs have three chambers while a cow's has four, and alpacas share one toilet pile in a field. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1 1 Alpacas alpaca NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 llamas llama NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ _ 4 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 6 toes toe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 7 on on ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 9 det _ _ 9 foot foot NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 with with ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 soft soft ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 pads pad NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod _ _ 13 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 16 nsubj _ _ 14 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 15 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 16 advmod _ _ 16 damage damage VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 acl:relcl _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 stomachs stomach NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 22 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 23 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 24 nummod _ _ 24 chambers chamber NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 25 while while SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 cow cow NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 28 's 's PART POS _ 27 case _ _ 29 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 advcl _ _ 30 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 29 obj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 alpacas alpaca NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ _ 34 share share VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=22:conj 35 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 37 nummod _ _ 36 toilet toilet NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 compound _ _ 37 pile pile NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 38 in in ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nmod _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Alpacas and llamas | two toes | | each foot | | with soft pads | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toe=Patient | | 2 | **not** **damage** | present · do-support | soft pads | the ground | | | | | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ground=Patient | | 3 | **have** | present | toes's stomachs | three chambers | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chamber=Patient | | 4 | **have** | present | a cow | four | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent four=Patient | | 5 | **share** | present | alpacas | one toilet pile | | a field | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Farm animals by numbers: stomachs, hoo…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres/15/) - next →: [Farm animals by numbers: stomachs, hoo…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/350-farm-animals-by-numbers-stomachs-hooves-toes-eggs-and-litres/)