--- title: Teeth: enamel, sugar, holes, brushing and the dentist — a lesson of Mova's school · trees and pragmatics description: «Teeth: enamel, sugar, holes, brushing and the dentist», a lesson of the biology course of Mova's primary school, sentence by sentence with dependency trees and pragmatics. It begins: Acid does not come from sweets directly. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / Teeth: enamel, sugar, holes, brushing… # Teeth: enamel, sugar, holes, brushing and the dentist Lesson 352 of the biology course of Mova's primary school: 14 sentences, each with its syntax tree and pragmatics. The lessons are written for Mova, and their agreed trees are part of Mova corpus 0.4 (CC BY-SA 4.0). How Mova does on its tests: [the lesson at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/). - [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/1/) — Acid does not come from sweets directly. - [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/2/) — It comes from bacteria living in a soft sticky film on your teeth, called plaque, which feast on sugar and spit out acid. - [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/3/) — Think of an afternoon of nibbling sweets: every nibble starts a new acid attack that can last up to about an hour, so ten small snacks hurt teeth far more than one pudding after dinner. - [5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/5/) — Enamel, the outer layer of a tooth, is the hardest material in the human body, harder than bone, but acid can soften it, and lost enamel cannot grow back. - [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/6/) — Plaque is a soft film of bacteria that builds up on teeth every day; the bacteria eat sugar and make acid that eats into enamel. - [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/7/) — How often you eat sugar matters more than how much, because each sugary snack starts an acid attack that can last up to about an hour. - [8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/8/) — Disclosing tablets colour plaque pink so you can see where you missed, and plaque left for days can harden into tartar, which only a dentist or hygienist can scrape off. - [9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/9/) — Brush twice a day for about two minutes with fluoride toothpaste, then spit but do not rinse, so the fluoride stays on the teeth; fluoride makes enamel stronger against acid. - [10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/10/) — Some places add a small amount of fluoride to tap water to protect teeth. - [11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/11/) — A hole made by acid is called a cavity or decay; the dentist cleans it out and fills it, and small holes do not hurt, which is why checkups matter. - [12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/12/) — Under the enamel is dentine, full of tiny tubes leading towards the pulp, the soft middle with the nerve; if enamel or gum wears thin, cold or heat reaches the nerve and the tooth zings. - [13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/13/) — Even sugar-free fizzy drinks are acidic and can soften enamel; water and milk are the safest drinks for teeth. - [14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/14/) — Cheese and sugar-free gum after a meal make you produce more saliva, which washes teeth and helps bring the mouth's acid back to normal. - [16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/352-teeth-enamel-sugar-holes-brushing-and-the-dentist/16/) — George Washington's false teeth were made of hippo ivory, metal and human and animal teeth, not wood, which would soften and rot in a wet mouth. - ← previous: [Teeth: baby teeth, grown-up teeth and wobbly teeth](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/351-teeth-baby-teeth-grown-up-teeth-and-wobbly-teeth/) - next →: [Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/) - ↑ back to [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/)