--- title: Each hair has a tiny muscle that pulls it upright, making a goosebum… — Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and su… · tree and pragmatics description: Each hair has a tiny muscle that pulls it upright, making a goosebump; in furry animals raised fur traps warm air or makes them look bigger, like a scared cat. Who acts: hair, tiny muscle, raised fur, goosebumps. A sentence of the lesson «Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn» of the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freck…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/) / 11 # Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn, sentence 11 Each hair has a tiny muscle that pulls it upright, making a goosebump; in furry animals raised fur traps warm air or makes them look bigger, like a scared cat. **Who acts:** hair, tiny muscle, raised fur, goosebumps · **What happens:** have, pull, make, raise, trap, look · **To what, where:** tiny muscle, muscle, goosebump, warm air, goosebumps This is a sentence of the lesson «Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hair, tiny muscle, raised fur, goosebumps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn.lesson:11 # text = Each hair has a tiny muscle that pulls it upright, making a goosebump; in furry animals raised fur traps warm air or makes them look bigger, like a scared cat. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Each each DET DT PronType=Tot 2 det _ _ 2 hair hair NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 muscle muscle NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 7 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 8 pulls pull VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 acl:relcl _ _ 9 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ _ 10 upright upright ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:xcomp|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 making make VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 8 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:conj 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 goosebump goosebump NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 furry furry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 19 raised raise VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 20 amod _ _ 20 fur fur NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 traps trap VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 acl _ _ 22 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 or or CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 26 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ _ 27 look look VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 xcomp _ _ 28 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 27 xcomp _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 like like ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 32 scared scared ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 cat cat NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | each hair | a tiny muscle | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent muscle=Patient | | 2 | **pull** | present | a tiny muscle | muscle | | | | upright *property* | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 3 | **make** | gerund | a tiny muscle *not said here* | a goosebump | | | | in furry animals | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset goosebump=Product | | 4 | **raise** | participle | | | | | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **trap** | present | raised fur | warm air | | | | | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Patient | | 6 | **make** | present | a tiny muscle *not said here* | goosebumps *= goosebump* | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **look** | infinitive | goosebumps *= goosebump* *not said here* | | | | | like a scared cat; big *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freck…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/10/) - next →: [Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freck…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/)