--- title: Ultraviolet light from the sun damages skin cells and causes sunburn… — Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and su… · tree and pragmatics description: Ultraviolet light from the sun damages skin cells and causes sunburn; you can burn on a cloudy day, snow and water reflect sunlight onto you, and sunburn in childhood raises the risk of skin cancer later. Who acts: Ultraviolet light, you, snow, sunburn. A sentence of the lesson «Skin: layers, sweat, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freck…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/) / 15 # Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn, sentence 15 Ultraviolet light from the sun damages skin cells and causes sunburn; you can burn on a cloudy day, snow and water reflect sunlight onto you, and sunburn in childhood raises the risk of skin cancer later. **Who acts:** Ultraviolet light, you, snow, sunburn · **What happens:** cause, sunburn, burn, reflect, raise, risk · **To what, where:** sunlight, risk, skin cancer This is a sentence of the lesson «Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ultraviolet light, you, snow, sunburn), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn.lesson:15 # text = Ultraviolet light from the sun damages skin cells and causes sunburn; you can burn on a cloudy day, snow and water reflect sunlight onto you, and sunburn in childhood raises the risk of skin cancer later. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Ultraviolet ultraviolet NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 3 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:det 5 sun sun NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:compound 6 damages damage NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 7 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 cells cell NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 causes cause VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=8:conj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 11 sunburn sunburn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 14 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 15 burn burn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 conj _ _ 16 on on ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 cloudy cloudy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=21:punct 21 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj _ _ 24 reflect reflect VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 conj _ _ 25 sunlight sunlight NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 26 onto onto ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 obl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=30:punct 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 30 sunburn sunburn NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 31 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 childhood childhood NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 33 raises raise VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 risk risk NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 36 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 compound _ _ 38 cancer cancer NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 39 later late ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 33 advmod _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cause** | present | Ultraviolet light the sun from damages *not said here* | | | | | | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition | | 2 | **sunburn** | infinitive | Ultraviolet light the sun from damages | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **burn** | can | you | | | | day | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location | | 4 | **reflect** | infinitive | snow and water | sunlight | | | | onto you | tree rules | | 5 | **raise** | present | sunburn in childhood | the risk of skin cancer | | | | late *property* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent risk=Theme | | 6 | **risk** | | | skin cancer | | | | | nom risk «state transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freck…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/14/) - next →: [Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freck…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/)