---
title: Hair colour comes from two kinds of melanin, a brown-black one and a… — Hair: growing, curly and straight, eyebrows, eye… · tree and pragmatics
description: Hair colour comes from two kinds of melanin, a brown-black one and a red-yellow one, mixed in different amounts; natural red hair is the rarest, about one or two people in a hundred worldwide; strong summer sun breaks down some of the melanin in hair already grown, so hair often looks lighter in sum
---

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# Hair: growing, curly and straight, eyebrows, eyelashes and going grey, sentence 12

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Hair colour comes from two kinds of melanin, a brown-black one and a red-yellow one, mixed in different amounts; natural red hair is the rarest, about one or two people in a hundred worldwide; strong summer sun breaks down some of the melanin in hair already grown, so hair often looks lighter in summer.

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**Who acts:** Hair colour, natural red hair, strong summer sun, hair · **What happens:** come, mix, be, break down, grow, look · **To what, where:** two kinds, yellow one, different amounts, some, melanin

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Hair: growing, curly and straight, eyebrows, eyelashes and going grey» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hair colour, natural red hair, strong summer sun, hair), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:355-hair-growing-curly-and-straight-eyebrows-eyelashes-and-going-grey.lesson:12
# text = Hair colour comes from two kinds of melanin, a brown-black one and a red-yellow one, mixed in different amounts; natural red hair is the rarest, about one or two people in a hundred worldwide; strong summer sun breaks down some of the melanin in hair already grown, so hair often looks lighter in summer.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 355-hair-growing-curly-and-straight-eyebrows-eyelashes-and-going-grey.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4
1	Hair	Hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	melanin	melanin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:amod
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	_
13	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
17	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:amod
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	_
19	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	mixed	mix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	amounts	amount	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
27	natural	natural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
28	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
30	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	rarest	rare	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	parataxis	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
34	about	about	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=38:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_
35	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	38	nummod	_	_
36	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
37	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	35	conj	_	_
38	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	_
39	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	38	nmod	_	_
42	worldwide	worldwide	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
43	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
44	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	46	amod	_	_
45	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	compound	_	_
46	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	nsubj	_	_
47	breaks	break	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
48	down	down	ADP	RP	_	47	compound:prt	_	_
49	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	47	obj	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	melanin	melanin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	_
53	in	in	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
54	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	nmod	_	_
55	already	already	ADV	RB	_	56	advmod	_	_
56	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	52	acl:relcl	_	_
57	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	61	punct	_	_
58	so	so	ADV	RB	_	61	advmod	_	_
59	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	61	nsubj	_	_
60	often	often	ADV	RB	_	61	advmod	_	_
61	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	47	parataxis	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:conj
62	lighter	light	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	61	xcomp	_	_
63	in	in	ADP	IN	_	64	case	_	_
64	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	61	obl	_	_
65	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Hair colour |  |  | two kinds of melanin |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from kind=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **mix** | participle |  | a yellow one *not said here* |  | different amounts |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | present | natural red hair |  |  |  |  | rare *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **break down** | present | strong summer sun | some |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Patient |
| 5 | **grow** | participle |  | the melanin in hair *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **look** | present | hair |  |  |  | summer | light, often *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:355-hair-growing-curly-and-straight-eyebrows-eyelashes-and-going-grey.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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