---
title: The lower jaw, or mandible, is the strongest bone of the face and th… — Bones by name: the skull, jaw, spine and ribs · tree and pragmatics
description: The lower jaw, or mandible, is the strongest bone of the face and the only skull bone that moves; its hinge is just in front of the ear. Who acts: lower jaw, only skull bone, hinge. A sentence of the lesson «Bones by name: the skull, jaw, spine and ribs» of the biology course of Mova's primary schoo
---

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# Bones by name: the skull, jaw, spine and ribs, sentence 6

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lower jaw, or mandible, is the strongest bone of the face and the only skull bone that moves; its hinge is just in front of the ear.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lower jaw, only skull bone, hinge · **What happens:** be, move · **To what, where:** strongest bone, front

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bones by name: the skull, jaw, spine and ribs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lower jaw, only skull bone, hinge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:357-bones-by-name-the-skull-jaw-spine-and-ribs.lesson:6
# text = The lower jaw, or mandible, is the strongest bone of the face and the only skull bone that moves; its hinge is just in front of the ear.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 357-bones-by-name-the-skull-jaw-spine-and-ribs.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	3	amod	_	_
3	jaw	jaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	mandible	mandible	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	strongest	strong	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	11	amod	_	_
11	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	only	only	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	skull	skull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	moves	move	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
23	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	hinge	hinge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
26	just	just	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	parataxis	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the lower jaw or mandible | the strongest bone |  |  |  | of the face and the only skull bone | tree rules |
| 2 | **move** | present | the only skull bone |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | bone's hinge |  |  | front |  | of the ear | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:357-bones-by-name-the-skull-jaw-spine-and-ribs.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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