--- title: Insects have a hard outside skeleton called an exoskeleton, and to g… — Insects: six legs, three parts; ants, bees and w… · tree and pragmatics description: Insects have a hard outside skeleton called an exoskeleton, and to grow they moult, splitting it and climbing out in a new soft one. Who acts: Insects, hard outside skeleton, legs. A sentence of the lesson «Insects: six legs, three parts; ants, bees and wasps» of the biology course of Mova's primary --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Insects: six legs, three parts; ants,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps/) / 6 # Insects: six legs, three parts; ants, bees and wasps, sentence 6 Insects have a hard outside skeleton called an exoskeleton, and to grow they moult, splitting it and climbing out in a new soft one. **Who acts:** Insects, hard outside skeleton, legs · **What happens:** have, call, grow, moult, split, climb out · **To what, where:** hard outside skeleton, exoskeleton, insect · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects: six legs, three parts; ants, bees and wasps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Insects, hard outside skeleton, legs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:036-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps.lesson:6 # text = Insects have a hard outside skeleton called an exoskeleton, and to grow they moult, splitting it and climbing out in a new soft one. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 036-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 4 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 5 outside outside ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 skeleton skeleton NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 7 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 6 acl _ _ 8 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 exoskeleton exoskeleton NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=13:punct 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 advcl _ _ 14 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 moult moult VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 splitting split VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 15 advcl _ _ 18 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 climbing climb VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 conj _ _ 21 out out ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 22 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 24 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 25 soft soft ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Insects | a hard outside skeleton | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skeleton=Patient | | 2 | **call** | participle | a hard outside skeleton *not said here* | a exoskeleton | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent exoskeleton=Recipient | | 3 | **grow** | to-infinitive | legs *= leg* *not said here* | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **moult** | present | legs *= leg* | | | | | | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **split** | gerund | legs *= leg* *not said here* | insect | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | | 6 | **climb out** | gerund | legs *= leg* *not said here* | | | | | in a new soft one; out *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in one=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:036-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Insects: six legs, three parts; ants,…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps/5/) - next →: [Insects: six legs, three parts; ants,…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps/)