---
title: Bones cannot move themselves; muscles move them, and a muscle can do… — Muscles and joints by name: biceps, triceps, kne… · tree and pragmatics
description: Bones cannot move themselves; muscles move them, and a muscle can do only one thing: shorten and pull. Who acts: Bones, muscles, muscle, one thing. A sentence of the lesson «Muscles and joints by name: biceps, triceps, knees, elbows and the busiest muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary sc
---

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# Muscles and joints by name: biceps, triceps, knees, elbows and the busiest muscles, sentence 0

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Bones cannot move themselves; muscles move them, and a muscle can do only one thing: shorten and pull.

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**Who acts:** Bones, muscles, muscle, one thing · **What happens:** not move, move, do, shorten, pull · **To what, where:** Bones, one thing

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Muscles and joints by name: biceps, triceps, knees, elbows and the busiest muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bones, muscles, muscle, one thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles.lesson:0
# text = Bones cannot move themselves; muscles move them, and a muscle can do only one thing: shorten and pull.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	4	obj	_	_
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	move	move	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	muscle	muscle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
16	only	only	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
20	shorten	shorten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	acl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	pull	pull	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	conj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **move** | can | Bones | Bones *= bone* |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme |
| 2 | **move** | present | muscles | Bones *= bone* |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **do** | can | a muscle | one thing |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |
| 4 | **shorten** | infinitive | one thing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **pull** | infinitive | one thing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn slide-11.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles.lesson:0`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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