--- title: The biggest muscle is the gluteus maximus in the bottom, which helps… — Muscles and joints by name: biceps, triceps, kne… · tree and pragmatics description: The biggest muscle is the gluteus maximus in the bottom, which helps hold you upright and push you up stairs; the smallest is a tiny muscle in the middle ear that helps protect hearing from loud sounds. Who acts: biggest muscle, gluteus maximus, smallest, tiny muscle. A sentence of the lesson «Muscl --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Muscles and joints by name: biceps, tr…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles/) / 14 # Muscles and joints by name: biceps, triceps, knees, elbows and the busiest muscles, sentence 14 The biggest muscle is the gluteus maximus in the bottom, which helps hold you upright and push you up stairs; the smallest is a tiny muscle in the middle ear that helps protect hearing from loud sounds. **Who acts:** biggest muscle, gluteus maximus, smallest, tiny muscle · **What happens:** be, help, hold, push up, protect · **To what, where:** gluteus maximus, bottom, you, tiny muscle, middle ear, hearing This is a sentence of the lesson «Muscles and joints by name: biceps, triceps, knees, elbows and the busiest muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (biggest muscle, gluteus maximus, smallest, tiny muscle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles.lesson:14 # text = The biggest muscle is the gluteus maximus in the bottom, which helps hold you upright and push you up stairs; the smallest is a tiny muscle in the middle ear that helps protect hearing from loud sounds. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 biggest big ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 3 amod _ _ 3 muscle muscle NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 gluteus gluteus NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 maximus maximus NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 bottom bottom NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 13 nsubj _ _ 13 helps help VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:acl:relcl 14 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 xcomp _ _ 15 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:nsubj 16 upright upright ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 xcomp _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 push push VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=14:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 up up ADP RP _ 18 compound:prt _ _ 21 stairs stair NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:det 24 smallest small ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 28 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=28:amod 25 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 muscle muscle NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:conj 29 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 middle middle ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 ear ear NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nmod _ _ 33 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 34 nsubj _ _ 34 helps help VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=32:acl:relcl 35 protect protect VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 xcomp _ _ 36 hearing hearing NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obj _ _ 37 from from ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 38 loud loud ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nmod _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the biggest muscle | the gluteus maximus | | the bottom | | | tree rules | | 2 | **help** | present | the gluteus maximus | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **hold** | infinitive | the gluteus maximus *not said here* | you | | | | upright *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme | | 4 | **push up** | infinitive | the gluteus maximus *not said here* | you | | | | | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent you=Theme stair=Destination | | 5 | **is a** | present | the smallest | a tiny muscle | | the middle ear | | | tree rules | | 6 | **help** | present | a tiny muscle | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 7 | **protect** | infinitive | a tiny muscle *not said here* | hearing | | | | from loud sounds | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent hearing=Beneficiary from sound=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Muscles and joints by name: biceps, tr…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles/13/) - next →: [Muscles and joints by name: biceps, tr…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/360-muscles-and-joints-by-name-biceps-triceps-knees-elbows-and-the-busiest-muscles/)