--- title: Yawns are catching, even reading about yawning can start one, dogs c… — Sleep and dreams in people · tree and pragmatics description: Yawns are catching, even reading about yawning can start one, dogs can catch yawns from their owners, and scientists still argue why we yawn. Who acts: Yawns, dogs, scientists, we. A sentence of the lesson «Sleep and dreams in people» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependenc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Sleep and dreams in people](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/) / 14 # Sleep and dreams in people, sentence 14 Yawns are catching, even reading about yawning can start one, dogs can catch yawns from their owners, and scientists still argue why we yawn. **Who acts:** Yawns, dogs, scientists, we · **What happens:** catch, read, yawn, start, argue · **To what, where:** one, yawns, owners · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Sleep and dreams in people» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Yawns, dogs, scientists, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people.lesson:14 # text = Yawns are catching, even reading about yawning can start one, dogs can catch yawns from their owners, and scientists still argue why we yawn. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Yawns yawn NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 catching catch VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 5 even even ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 reading read VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 nsubj _ _ 7 about about SCONJ IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 yawning yawn VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 obl _ _ 9 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 start start VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 11 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 10 obj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 14 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 15 catch catch VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 16 yawns yawn NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obj _ _ 17 from from ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 owners owner NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 22 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 23 still still ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 24 argue argue VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 25 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 27 advmod _ _ 26 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 yawn yawn VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 ccomp _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **catch** | present · progressive | Yawns | | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **read** | gerund | | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **yawn** | gerund | | | | | | | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **start** | can | | one | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Eventuality | | 5 | **catch** | can | dogs | yawns | | Yawns's owners | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent yawn=Theme from owner=Source | | 6 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | present | scientists | | | | still | | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **yawn** | present | we | | | | | | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sleep and dreams in people, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/13/) - next →: [Sleep and dreams in people, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/)