--- title: Children of 9 or 10 need about 9 to 12 hours of sleep a night and gr… — Sleep and dreams in people · tree and pragmatics description: Children of 9 or 10 need about 9 to 12 hours of sleep a night and grown-ups about 7 to 9; too little sleep makes it harder to concentrate and makes people grumpy. Who acts: little sleep, brain. A sentence of the lesson «Sleep and dreams in people» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Sleep and dreams in people](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/) / 4 # Sleep and dreams in people, sentence 4 Children of 9 or 10 need about 9 to 12 hours of sleep a night and grown-ups about 7 to 9; too little sleep makes it harder to concentrate and makes people grumpy. **Who acts:** little sleep, brain · **What happens:** need, make, concentrate · **To what, where:** brain, people This is a sentence of the lesson «Sleep and dreams in people» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little sleep, brain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people.lesson:4 # text = Children of 9 or 10 need about 9 to 12 hours of sleep a night and grown-ups about 7 to 9; too little sleep makes it harder to concentrate and makes people grumpy. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 root _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 3 9 9 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 nmod _ _ 4 or or CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 conj _ _ 6 need need VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 about about ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 9 9 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 9 to to ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 12 12 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 11 hours hour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 sleep sleep NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod:unmarked _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 grown grow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ _ 18 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 17 punct _ _ 19 ups up NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 flat _ _ 20 about about ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 21 7 7 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 obl:unmarked _ _ 22 to to ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 9 9 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 nmod _ _ 24 ; ; PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 25 too too ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 sleep sleep NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 28 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ _ 30 harder hard ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 28 xcomp _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 concentrate concentrate VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 xcomp _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ _ 35 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obj _ _ 36 grumpy grumpy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 xcomp _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **need** | present | | | | | hour | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot | | 2 | **make** | present | little sleep | brain | | | | hard *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | | 3 | **concentrate** | to-infinitive | brain *not said here* | | | | | | vn focus-87.1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **make** | present | little sleep *not said here* | people | | | | grumpy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset people=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sleep and dreams in people, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/3/) - next →: [Sleep and dreams in people, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/363-sleep-and-dreams-in-people/)