--- title: A pangolin has no teeth; it licks up ants and termites with a very l… — Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-nosed moles… · tree and pragmatics description: A pangolin has no teeth; it licks up ants and termites with a very long sticky tongue anchored deep in its body near the hips, and small stones in its stomach help grind them. Who acts: pangolin, small stones. A sentence of the lesson «Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-nosed moles, saigas, pangol --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-n…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish/) / 13 # Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-nosed moles, saigas, pangolins and hagfish, sentence 13 A pangolin has no teeth; it licks up ants and termites with a very long sticky tongue anchored deep in its body near the hips, and small stones in its stomach help grind them. **Who acts:** pangolin, small stones · **What happens:** have, lick up, anchor, help, grind · **To what, where:** teeth, ants, long sticky tongue, body, stones This is a sentence of the lesson «Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-nosed moles, saigas, pangolins and hagfish» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pangolin, small stones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish.lesson:13 # text = A pangolin has no teeth; it licks up ants and termites with a very long sticky tongue anchored deep in its body near the hips, and small stones in its stomach help grind them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 pangolin pangolin NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 5 det _ _ 5 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 ; ; PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 7 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 8 licks lick VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 9 up up ADP RP _ 8 compound:prt _ _ 10 ants ant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 termites termite NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 conj _ _ 13 with with SCONJ IN _ 19 mark _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 15 very very ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 17 sticky sticky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 tongue tongue NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:nsubj 19 anchored anchor VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 acl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:acl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBD:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 deep deep ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:xcomp|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 21 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 24 near near ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 hips hip NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obl _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 29 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 stones stone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ _ 31 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ _ 33 stomach stomach NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 34 help help VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=8:conj 35 grind grind VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 xcomp _ _ 36 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | a pangolin | no teeth | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | | 2 | **lick up** | present | pangolin | ants and termites | | | | a long sticky tongue *obl* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent ant=Source | | 3 | **anchor** | participle | | a long sticky tongue *not said here* | | pangolin's body | | near the hips; deep *property* | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **help** | present | small stones in pangolin's stomach | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 5 | **grind** | infinitive | small stones in pangolin's stomach *not said here* | stones *= stone* | | | | | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-n…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish/12/) - next →: [Odd-looking animals: shoebills, star-n…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/366-odd-looking-animals-shoebills-star-nosed-moles-saigas-pangolins-and-hagfish/)