---
title: Swifts nest under roof tiles and come back to the same hole after wi… — City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Swifts nest under roof tiles and come back to the same hole after wintering in Africa. Who acts: Swifts, same hole. A sentence of the lesson «City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and t
---

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# City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Swifts nest under roof tiles and come back to the same hole after wintering in Africa.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Swifts, same hole · **What happens:** nest, come back, winter · **To what, where:** roof tiles, same hole, Africa

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This is a sentence of the lesson «City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Swifts, same hole), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings.lesson:11
# text = Swifts nest under roof tiles and come back to the same hole after wintering in Africa.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Swifts	swift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	nest	nest	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	tiles	tile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf
8	back	back	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	wintering	winter	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **nest** | present | Swifts |  |  | roof tiles |  |  | vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **come back** | present | Swifts *not said here* |  |  | the same hole |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to hole=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **winter** | gerund | the same hole *not said here* |  |  | Africa |  |  | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in africa=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [City birds: sparrows, starlings, swift…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/10/)
- next →: [City birds: sparrows, starlings, swift…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/12/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/)