---
title: House sparrows have lived beside people for about 10,000 years, sinc… — City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows a… · tree and pragmatics
description: House sparrows have lived beside people for about 10,000 years, since the first farms with spilled grain, and nest in gaps in roofs and walls, which many new buildings do not have. Who acts: House sparrows, many new buildings. A sentence of the lesson «City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows 
---

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# City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings, sentence 4

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
House sparrows have lived beside people for about 10,000 years, since the first farms with spilled grain, and nest in gaps in roofs and walls, which many new buildings do not have.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** House sparrows, many new buildings · **What happens:** live, spill, nest, not have · **To what, where:** gaps, roofs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (House sparrows, many new buildings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings.lesson:4
# text = House sparrows have lived beside people for about 10,000 years, since the first farms with spilled grain, and nest in gaps in roofs and walls, which many new buildings do not have.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	House	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	sparrows	sparrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	about	about	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	10,000	10000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	since	since	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	15	amod	_	_
15	farms	farm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	spilled	spill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	_
18	grain	grain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	nest	nest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	gaps	gap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	roofs	roof	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	conj	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
29	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	35	obj	_	_
30	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
31	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	buildings	building	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nsubj	_	_
33	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
34	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	35	advmod	_	_
35	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	acl:relcl	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present · perfect | House sparrows |  |  |  | since the first farms with spilled grain; year | beside people | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beside people=Location |
| 2 | **spill** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **nest** | infinitive | House sparrows *not said here* |  |  | gaps in roofs and walls |  |  | vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **not** **have** | present · do-support | many new buildings | roofs and walls |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings.lesson:4`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [City birds: sparrows, starlings, swift…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/3/)
- next →: [City birds: sparrows, starlings, swift…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/5/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/)