--- title: Sparrows dust-bathe to clean their feathers: dust soaks up extra oil… — City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows a… · tree and pragmatics description: Sparrows dust-bathe to clean their feathers: dust soaks up extra oil and makes life hard for feather mites, and they also bathe in puddles and sunbathe with wings spread. Who acts: Sparrows, dust. A sentence of the lesson «City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildin --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [City birds: sparrows, starlings, swift…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/) / 6 # City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings, sentence 6 Sparrows dust-bathe to clean their feathers: dust soaks up extra oil and makes life hard for feather mites, and they also bathe in puddles and sunbathe with wings spread. **Who acts:** Sparrows, dust · **What happens:** bathe, clean, soak up, make, sunbathe, spread · **To what, where:** feathers, extra oil, life, wings This is a sentence of the lesson «City birds: sparrows, starlings, swifts, crows and peregrines on tall buildings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sparrows, dust), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings.lesson:6 # text = Sparrows dust-bathe to clean their feathers: dust soaks up extra oil and makes life hard for feather mites, and they also bathe in puddles and sunbathe with wings spread. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Sparrows Sparrows NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 dust dust NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 3 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 4 punct _ _ 4 bathe bathe VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 to to PART TO _ 6 mark _ _ 6 clean clean VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:xcomp 7 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 feathers feather NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 10 dust dust NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 11 soaks soak VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 12 up up ADP RP _ 11 compound:prt _ _ 13 extra extra ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 oil oil NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 17 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 18 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:Degree=Pos 19 for for ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 feather feather NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 21 mites mite NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:obl 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 24 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 25 also also ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 bathe bathe VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 puddles puddle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 sunbathe sunbathe VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 31 with with ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 wings wing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obl _ _ 33 spread spread VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 32 acl _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bathe** | infinitive | Sparrows | | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **clean** | to-infinitive | Sparrows *not said here* | Sparrows's feathers | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent feather=Patient | | 3 | **soak up** | present | dust | extra oil | | | | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent oil=Theme | | 4 | **make** | present | dust *not said here* | life | | | | hard *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset life=Product | | 5 | **bathe** | present | Sparrows | | | | | in puddles | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent in puddle=Theme | | 6 | **sunbathe** | present | Sparrows *not said here* | | | | | with wings | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **spread** | participle | | wings *not said here* | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [City birds: sparrows, starlings, swift…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/5/) - next →: [City birds: sparrows, starlings, swift…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/369-city-birds-sparrows-starlings-swifts-crows-and-peregrines-on-tall-buildings/)