--- title: The bombardier beetle mixes two chemicals in its body to make a spra… — Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes… · tree and pragmatics description: The bombardier beetle mixes two chemicals in its body to make a spray of about 100 degrees that it shoots from its tail end. Who acts: bombardier beetle, kind. A sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school wit --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/) / 11 # Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, sentence 11 The bombardier beetle mixes two chemicals in its body to make a spray of about 100 degrees that it shoots from its tail end. **Who acts:** bombardier beetle, kind · **What happens:** mix, make, shoot · **To what, where:** two chemicals, body, spray, 100 degrees, tail end This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bombardier beetle, kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:11 # text = The bombardier beetle mixes two chemicals in its body to make a spray of about 100 degrees that it shoots from its tail end. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 bombardier bombardier NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 beetle beetle NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 mixes mix VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 6 chemicals chemical NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 advcl _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 spray spray NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 15 about about ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 nummod _ _ 17 degrees degree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ _ 18 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 20 obj _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 shoots shoot VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 acl:relcl _ _ 21 from from ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 22 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 23 tail tail NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 compound _ _ 24 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mix** | present | the bombardier beetle | two chemicals | | kind's body | | | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chemical=Patient | | 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | the bombardier beetle *not said here* | a spray of 100 degrees | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset spray=Product | | 3 | **shoot** | present | kind | 100 degrees | | | from kind's tail end | | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent that=Theme from end=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/9/) - next →: [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/)