--- title: The glow-worm is a beetle: the wingless female makes a cold green li… — Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes… · tree and pragmatics description: The glow-worm is a beetle: the wingless female makes a cold green light in her tail with a chemical reaction, which wastes almost no energy as heat, to show flying males where she is. Who acts: glow worm, wingless female, chemical reaction, flying males. A sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflie --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/) / 17 # Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, sentence 17 The glow-worm is a beetle: the wingless female makes a cold green light in her tail with a chemical reaction, which wastes almost no energy as heat, to show flying males where she is. **Who acts:** glow worm, wingless female, chemical reaction, flying males · **What happens:** be, make, waste, show, fly · **To what, where:** beetle, cold green light, tail, energy, flying males This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (glow worm, wingless female, chemical reaction, flying males), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:17 # text = The glow-worm is a beetle: the wingless female makes a cold green light in her tail with a chemical reaction, which wastes almost no energy as heat, to show flying males where she is. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 2 glow glow NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 3 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 2 punct _ _ 4 worm worm NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 beetle beetle NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 wingless wingless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 female female NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 14 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 15 green green ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 16 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 tail tail NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ _ 20 with with ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 22 chemical chemical ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 reaction reaction NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 26 nsubj _ _ 26 wastes waste VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 acl:relcl _ _ 27 almost almost ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 28 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 29 det _ _ 29 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 30 as as ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 33 to to PART TO _ 34 mark _ _ 34 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:advcl 35 flying fly VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 36 amod _ _ 36 males male NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obj _ _ 37 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 36 acl:relcl _ _ 38 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=37:nsubj 39 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: changed polarity=pos | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the glow worm | a beetle | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **make** | present | the wingless female | a cold green light | | female's tail | | with a chemical reaction | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset light=Product | | 3 | **waste** | present | a chemical reaction | no energy | | | | as heat | vn spend\_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent energy=Duration as heat=Attribute | | 4 | **show** | to-infinitive | a chemical reaction *not said here* | flying males | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent male=Recipient | | 5 | **fly** | gerund | | | | | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **is** | present | flying males *not said here* | | | | | where *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/16/) - next →: [Spiders, scorpions and other eight-leg…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/38-spiders-scorpions-and-eight-legged-creatures/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/)