--- title: The coloured dust a moth leaves on your fingers is thousands of tiny… — Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes… · tree and pragmatics description: The coloured dust a moth leaves on your fingers is thousands of tiny scales laid like roof tiles, which is why it is kinder to watch than to hold them. Who acts: moth, coloured dust, tiny scales, thousands. A sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/) / 2 # Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, sentence 2 The coloured dust a moth leaves on your fingers is thousands of tiny scales laid like roof tiles, which is why it is kinder to watch than to hold them. **Who acts:** moth, coloured dust, tiny scales, thousands · **What happens:** leave, be, lay, watch, hold · **To what, where:** coloured dust, fingers, thousands, tiles This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (moth, coloured dust, tiny scales, thousands), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:2 # text = The coloured dust a moth leaves on your fingers is thousands of tiny scales laid like roof tiles, which is why it is kinder to watch than to hold them. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 coloured coloured ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 dust dust NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 moth moth NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 leaves leave VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 7 on on ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 9 fingers finger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 10 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop _ _ 11 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 scales scale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod _ _ 15 laid lay VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 acl _ _ 16 like like ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 roof roof NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 tiles tile NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 20 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 25 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 22 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 25 advmod _ _ 23 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 expl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=25:nsubj 24 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 25 kinder kind ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 11 parataxis _ _ 26 to to PART TO _ 27 mark _ _ 27 watch watch VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 xcomp _ _ 28 than than SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 29 to to PART TO _ 30 mark _ _ 30 hold hold VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 ccomp _ _ 31 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obj _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **leave** | present | a moth | the coloured dust *not said here* | | your fingers | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent dust=Theme on finger=Location | | 2 | **is a** | present | the coloured dust | thousands | | | | of tiny scales | tree rules | | 3 | **lay** | past | tiny scales *not said here* | | | | | like roof tiles | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | present | thousands | | | | | kind *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **watch** | to-infinitive | thousands *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **hold** | to-infinitive | thousands *not said here* | tiles *= tile* | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/1/) - next →: [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/)