--- title: Insects can also be fierce: a bombardier beetle fires a boiling puff… — Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes… · tree and pragmatics description: Insects can also be fierce: a bombardier beetle fires a boiling puff with a pop, a swarm of locusts can strip whole farms, and the mosquito biting your arm is, for people, the deadliest animal of all. Who acts: Insects, bombardier beetle, swarm, mosquito. A sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterfli --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/) / 4 # Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, sentence 4 Insects can also be fierce: a bombardier beetle fires a boiling puff with a pop, a swarm of locusts can strip whole farms, and the mosquito biting your arm is, for people, the deadliest animal of all. **Who acts:** Insects, bombardier beetle, swarm, mosquito · **What happens:** be, fire, strip, bite · **To what, where:** boiling puff, whole farms, arm, deadliest animal This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Insects, bombardier beetle, swarm, mosquito), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:4 # text = Insects can also be fierce: a bombardier beetle fires a boiling puff with a pop, a swarm of locusts can strip whole farms, and the mosquito biting your arm is, for people, the deadliest animal of all. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 3 also also ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 4 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 5 cop _ _ 5 fierce fierce ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 bombardier bombardier NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound _ _ 9 beetle beetle NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 10 fires fire VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 boiling boiling ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 puff puff NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 14 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 pop pop NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=19:punct 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 swarm swarm NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 locusts locust NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod _ _ 22 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 strip strip VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 conj _ _ 24 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 farms farm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 mosquito mosquito NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 30 biting bite VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 29 acl _ _ 31 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 arm arm NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj _ _ 33 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 35 for for ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 obl _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 39 deadliest deadly ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 40 amod _ _ 40 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 41 of of ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 40 nmod _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | can | Insects | | | | | fierce *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **fire** | present | a bombardier beetle | a boiling puff | | | | with a pop | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puff=Theme | | 3 | **strip** | can | a swarm of locusts | whole farms | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent farm=Patient | | 4 | **bite** | gerund | the mosquito *not said here* | your arm | | | | | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient | | 5 | **is a** | present | the mosquito | the deadliest animal | | | | for people; of all | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/3/) - next →: [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/)