--- title: Butterfly and moth wings are covered in thousands of tiny scales; so… — Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes… · tree and pragmatics description: Butterfly and moth wings are covered in thousands of tiny scales; some colours, like the blue of the morpho, come from the shape of the scales, not from pigment. Who acts: colours. A sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/) / 7 # Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, sentence 7 Butterfly and moth wings are covered in thousands of tiny scales; some colours, like the blue of the morpho, come from the shape of the scales, not from pigment. **Who acts:** colours · **What happens:** cover, come · **To what, where:** Butterfly wings, shape This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (colours), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:7 # text = Butterfly and moth wings are covered in thousands of tiny scales; some colours, like the blue of the morpho, come from the shape of the scales, not from pigment. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Butterfly butterfly NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 moth moth NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 4 wings wing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 5 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 covered cover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 scales scale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 13 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 14 det _ _ 14 colours colour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 like like ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 blue blue NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 morpho morpho NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 come come VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 24 from from ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 shape shape NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 scales scale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 31 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 33 advmod _ _ 32 from from ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 pigment pigment NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cover** | present · passive | | Butterfly wings | | | | in thousands of tiny scales | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in thousand=Theme | | 2 | **come** | present | some colours like the blue of the morpho | | | the shape of the scales and pigment | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from shape=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/6/) - next →: [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/)