--- title: Millions of monarch butterflies fly up to about 4,000 km from Canada… — Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes… · tree and pragmatics description: Millions of monarch butterflies fly up to about 4,000 km from Canada and the United States to mountain forests in Mexico for winter, and it takes several generations to fly back north. Who acts: Millions, it. A sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/) / 8 # Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, sentence 8 Millions of monarch butterflies fly up to about 4,000 km from Canada and the United States to mountain forests in Mexico for winter, and it takes several generations to fly back north. **Who acts:** Millions, it · **What happens:** fly up, take, fly back · **To what, where:** Canada, several generations This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Millions, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:8 # text = Millions of monarch butterflies fly up to about 4,000 km from Canada and the United States to mountain forests in Mexico for winter, and it takes several generations to fly back north. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 monarch monarch NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 butterflies butterfly NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod _ _ 5 fly fly VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 up up ADP RP _ 5 compound:prt _ _ 7 to to ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 about about ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 9 4,000 4,000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 obl _ _ 10 km km NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod:unmarked _ _ 11 from from ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 Canada Canada PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 United United PROPN NNP _ 16 flat _ _ 16 States State PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 17 to to ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 mountain mountain NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 forests forest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 Mexico Mexico PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 22 for for ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 takes take VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 28 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 generations generation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 31 fly fly VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 csubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=27:advcl 32 back back ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 33 north north ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly up** | present | Millions of monarch butterflies | | | Canada and the United States | winter | to 4,000 km; to mountain forests in Mexico | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source PP.destination PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent to 4,000=Initial\_Location from canada=Trajectory to forest=Destination | | 2 | **take** | present | it | several generations | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent generation=Theme | | 3 | **fly back** | to-infinitive | | | | | | north *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/7/) - next →: [Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies,…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/)