--- title: The elk, called a moose in America, is the biggest deer in the world… — Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and… · tree and pragmatics description: The elk, called a moose in America, is the biggest deer in the world; males grow huge flat antlers each summer and drop them each winter, a pair sometimes about 20 kilograms. Who acts: elk, males. A sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears» of th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, w…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/) / 10 # Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears, sentence 10 The elk, called a moose in America, is the biggest deer in the world; males grow huge flat antlers each summer and drop them each winter, a pair sometimes about 20 kilograms. **Who acts:** elk, males · **What happens:** call, be, grow, drop · **To what, where:** moose, America, biggest deer, world, huge flat antlers, antlers · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (elk, males), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears.lesson:10 # text = The elk, called a moose in America, is the biggest deer in the world; males grow huge flat antlers each summer and drop them each winter, a pair sometimes about 20 kilograms. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 elk elk NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 4 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 moose moose NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 xcomp _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 America America PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:nmod 9 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 10 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 biggest big ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 13 amod _ _ 13 deer deer NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 14 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nmod _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 males male NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ _ 19 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:conj 20 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 21 flat flat ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 antlers antler NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 23 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 24 det _ _ 24 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl:unmarked _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 drop drop VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 27 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 29 det _ _ 29 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl:unmarked _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 pair pair NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 33 sometimes sometimes ADV RB PronType=Ind 36 advmod _ _ 34 about about ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 35 20 20 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 36 nummod _ _ 36 kilograms kilogram NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nmod _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=19:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **call** | participle | the elk *not said here* | a moose | | America | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | present | the elk | the biggest deer | | the world | | | tree rules | | 3 | **grow** | present | males | huge flat antlers | | | summer | a pair 20 kilograms *obl* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location antler=Theme | | 4 | **drop** | present | males *not said here* | antlers *= antler* | | | winter | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, w…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/9/) - next →: [Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, w…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/)