---
title: European bison are calmer than American bison but are still dangerou… — Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and… · tree and pragmatics
description: European bison are calmer than American bison but are still dangerous if people come too close. Who acts: European bison, people. A sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree 
---

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# Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
European bison are calmer than American bison but are still dangerous if people come too close.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** European bison, people · **What happens:** be, come

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (European bison, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears.lesson:9
# text = European bison are calmer than American bison but are still dangerous if people come too close.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	bison	bison	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	calmer	calm	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bison	bison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	still	still	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:ccomp
12	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
15	too	too	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	xcomp	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | European bison |  |  |  |  | than American bison; calm *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | European bison *not said here* |  |  |  | still | dangerous *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **come** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | people |  |  |  |  | close *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- next →: [Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, w…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/10/)
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