--- title: Golden snub-nosed monkeys live in cold mountain forests in central C… — China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, ta… · tree and pragmatics description: Golden snub-nosed monkeys live in cold mountain forests in central China, often above 2,000 metres; in winter they eat lichen, bark and buds and huddle together, and troops can number several hundred. Who acts: Golden nosed monkeys, monkeys, troops. A sentence of the lesson «China's mountains: golde --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [China's mountains: golden snub-nosed m…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/) / 8 # China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders, sentence 8 Golden snub-nosed monkeys live in cold mountain forests in central China, often above 2,000 metres; in winter they eat lichen, bark and buds and huddle together, and troops can number several hundred. **Who acts:** Golden nosed monkeys, monkeys, troops · **What happens:** live, eat, huddle, number · **To what, where:** cold mountain forests, lichen, several hundred This is a sentence of the lesson «China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Golden nosed monkeys, monkeys, troops), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders.lesson:8 # text = Golden snub-nosed monkeys live in cold mountain forests in central China, often above 2,000 metres; in winter they eat lichen, bark and buds and huddle together, and troops can number several hundred. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Golden golden ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 2 snub snub NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 3 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 2 punct _ _ 4 nosed nose ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:amod|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 monkeys monkey NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 6 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 9 mountain mountain NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 forests forest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 central central ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 15 often often ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 16 above above ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 2,000 2000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 18 nummod _ _ 18 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 19 ; ; PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 22 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 23 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 24 lichen lichen NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 26 bark bark NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 conj _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 buds bud NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 conj _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 huddle huddle VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 conj _ _ 31 together together ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 34 troops troops NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nsubj _ _ 35 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 36 number number VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:conj 37 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 38 hundred hundred NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 36 obj _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | Golden nosed monkeys | | | cold mountain forests in central China | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in forest=Location | | 2 | **eat** | present | monkeys *= monkey* | lichen and bark and buds | | | winter | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lichen=Patient | | 3 | **huddle** | present | monkeys *= monkey* *not said here* | | | | | together *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **number** | can | troops | several hundred | | | | | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hundred=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China's mountains: golden snub-nosed m…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/7/) - next →: [China's mountains: golden snub-nosed m…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/)