--- title: In Zhejiang farmers have kept fish in their rice fields for over 1,2… — China's plants: bamboo, ginkgo, lotus, tea and r… · tree and pragmatics description: In Zhejiang farmers have kept fish in their rice fields for over 1,200 years; the fish eat insects and weeds and their droppings feed the rice, and it is protected as a world farming heritage. Who acts: Zhejiang farmers, fish, droppings. A sentence of the lesson «China's plants: bamboo, ginkgo, lotu --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/380-china-s-plants-bamboo-ginkgo-lotus-tea-and-rice-paddies/21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [China's plants: bamboo, ginkgo, lotus,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/380-china-s-plants-bamboo-ginkgo-lotus-tea-and-rice-paddies/) / 21 # China's plants: bamboo, ginkgo, lotus, tea and rice paddies, sentence 21 In Zhejiang farmers have kept fish in their rice fields for over 1,200 years; the fish eat insects and weeds and their droppings feed the rice, and it is protected as a world farming heritage. **Who acts:** Zhejiang farmers, fish, droppings · **What happens:** keep, eat, feed, protect · **To what, where:** fish, rice fields, insects, rice This is a sentence of the lesson «China's plants: bamboo, ginkgo, lotus, tea and rice paddies» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Zhejiang farmers, fish, droppings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:380-china-s-plants-bamboo-ginkgo-lotus-tea-and-rice-paddies.lesson:21 # text = In Zhejiang farmers have kept fish in their rice fields for over 1,200 years; the fish eat insects and weeds and their droppings feed the rice, and it is protected as a world farming heritage. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 380-china-s-plants-bamboo-ginkgo-lotus-tea-and-rice-paddies.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 Zhejiang Zhejiang PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 farmers farmer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:obl 4 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 9 rice rice NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 fields field NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:nmod 11 for for ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 12 over over ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 13 1,200 1200 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 14 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 18 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 19 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 weeds weed NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 conj _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 23 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 droppings dropping NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ _ 25 feed feed VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 rice rice NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 30 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj:pass _ _ 31 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux:pass _ _ 32 protected protect VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:conj 33 as as ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 35 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 compound _ _ 36 farming farming NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 compound _ _ 37 heritage heritage NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **keep** | present · perfect | Zhejiang farmers | fish | | farmers's rice fields | year | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent fish=Theme in field=Location | | 2 | **eat** | present | the fish | insects and weeds | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Patient | | 3 | **feed** | present | weeds's droppings | the rice | | | | | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent rice=Theme | | 4 | **protect** | present · passive | | rice | | | | as a farming heritage | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:380-china-s-plants-bamboo-ginkgo-lotus-tea-and-rice-paddies.lesson:21`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [China's plants: bamboo, ginkgo, lotus,…, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/380-china-s-plants-bamboo-ginkgo-lotus-tea-and-rice-paddies/20/) - next →: [Silkworms and goldfish: two animals Ch…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/381-silkworms-and-goldfish-two-animals-china-changed/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/380-china-s-plants-bamboo-ginkgo-lotus-tea-and-rice-paddies/)