--- title: A big body keeps heat in and is hard to attack, but it needs a lot o… — Mammal giants of the past: Paraceratherium, Dipr… · tree and pragmatics description: A big body keeps heat in and is hard to attack, but it needs a lot of food, and giants have few babies. Who acts: big body, body, giants. A sentence of the lesson «Mammal giants of the past: Paraceratherium, Diprotodon, the giant beaver and Gigantopithecus» of the biology course of Mova's primary sc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Mammal giants of the past: Paracerathe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus/) / 18 # Mammal giants of the past: Paraceratherium, Diprotodon, the giant beaver and Gigantopithecus, sentence 18 A big body keeps heat in and is hard to attack, but it needs a lot of food, and giants have few babies. **Who acts:** big body, body, giants · **What happens:** keep in, be, attack, need, have · **To what, where:** heat, lot, few babies This is a sentence of the lesson «Mammal giants of the past: Paraceratherium, Diprotodon, the giant beaver and Gigantopithecus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (big body, body, giants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus.lesson:18 # text = A big body keeps heat in and is hard to attack, but it needs a lot of food, and giants have few babies. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:det 2 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:amod 3 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:compound 4 keeps keep VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP RP _ 4 compound:prt _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 8 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 9 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 conj _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 attack attack VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 xcomp _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 but but CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 needs need VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 lot lot NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 giants giant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 23 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 24 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 babies baby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **keep in** | present | a big body | heat | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme | | 2 | **is** | present | a big body *not said here* | | | | | hard *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **attack** | to-infinitive | a big body *not said here* | | | | | | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **need** | present | body | a lot of food | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot lot=Theme | | 5 | **have** | present | giants | few babies | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mammal giants of the past: Paracerathe…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus/17/) - next →: [Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus/)