--- title: Often scientists have only teeth or a few bones, so they say honestl… — Mammal giants of the past: Paraceratherium, Dipr… · tree and pragmatics description: Often scientists have only teeth or a few bones, so they say honestly what they know and what is still a guess, like the true height of the giant ape. Who acts: scientists. A sentence of the lesson «Mammal giants of the past: Paraceratherium, Diprotodon, the giant beaver and Gigantopithecus» of the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Mammal giants of the past: Paracerathe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus/) / 7 # Mammal giants of the past: Paraceratherium, Diprotodon, the giant beaver and Gigantopithecus, sentence 7 Often scientists have only teeth or a few bones, so they say honestly what they know and what is still a guess, like the true height of the giant ape. **Who acts:** scientists · **What happens:** have, say, know, be · **To what, where:** teeth, guess · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Mammal giants of the past: Paraceratherium, Diprotodon, the giant beaver and Gigantopithecus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus.lesson:7 # text = Often scientists have only teeth or a few bones, so they say honestly what they know and what is still a guess, like the true height of the giant ape. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Often often ADV RB Degree=Pos 3 advmod _ _ 2 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 only only ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 or or CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 so so ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 12 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 13 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 14 honestly honestly ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:advmod 15 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 17 obj _ _ 16 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 ccomp _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 19 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 23 nsubj _ _ 20 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 21 still still ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 guess guess NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 like like ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 height height NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 giant giant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 ape ape NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nmod _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | scientists | teeth or a few bones | | | | often *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | scientists *= scientist* | | | | | honestly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **know** | present | scientists *= scientist* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus | | 4 | **is a** | present | | a guess | | | still | like the true height of the giant ape | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Mammal giants of the past: Paracerathe…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus/6/) - next →: [Mammal giants of the past: Paracerathe…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus/)