--- title: Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses — a lesson of Mova's school · trees and pragmatics description: «Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses», a lesson of the biology course of Mova's primary school, sentence by sentence with dependency trees and pragmatics. It begins: About 15,000 years ago, at Mezhyrich in Ukraine, people built round huts --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears… # Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses Lesson 385 of the biology course of Mova's primary school: 21 sentences, each with its syntax tree and pragmatics. The lessons are written for Mova, and their agreed trees are part of Mova corpus 0.4 (CC BY-SA 4.0). How Mova does on its tests: [the lesson at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/). - [0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/0/) — About 15,000 years ago, at Mezhyrich in Ukraine, people built round huts from mammoth jaws, skulls, tusks and long bones. - [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/1/) — There were few trees on the cold steppe, so giant bones were the best building material they had. - [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/2/) — Much of Ukraine was then a cold, dry grassland called the mammoth steppe. - [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/3/) — Long winters and dry winds kept trees away, but grass and herbs fed huge herds of mammoths, horses, bison and woolly rhinos. - [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/4/) — Hunters lived there too: cave lions, cave hyenas that dragged bones to their dens, and people. - [5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/5/) — Cave bears slept through the winter in caves, and many never woke up, so some caves hold the bones of thousands. - [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/6/) — When the Ice Age ended, the climate warmed fast, grassland turned to forest and people hunted more. - [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/7/) — The animals built for the cold steppe disappeared, though scientists still argue how much was climate and how much was people. - [8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/8/) — Bones, frozen bodies, cave paintings and chewed scraps are the clues that let us picture this lost world. - [9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/9/) — Cave bears lived in Ice Age Europe, were bigger than most brown bears, ate mostly plants and died out about 25,000 years ago; many died in their winter sleep in caves. - [10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/10/) — Cave lions lived in cold Europe and Asia; cave paintings show them without big manes, though we cannot be sure the males had none. - [11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/11/) — Frozen cave lion cubs were found in the ice of Siberia with their fur still on. - [12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/12/) — Elasmotherium, the Siberian unicorn, was a giant rhino of the grasslands of Ukraine, Russia and Central Asia; only a bump on its skull shows where a big horn sat, and it was reported to live until about 39,000 years ago. - [13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/13/) — Rhino horns are made of keratin, the same stuff as hair and nails, so they rot away and rarely become fossils. - [14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/14/) — The giant deer, often called the Irish elk, was not an elk and lived across Europe and Asia, but many of its best skeletons were dug out of Irish bogs; its antlers could be about three and a half metres wide, and males grew a new pair every year. - [15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/15/) — At Mezhyrich in Ukraine, about 15,000 years ago, people built huts from mammoth bones, with jaws stacked in a neat zigzag. - [16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/16/) — A mammoth chewed with four big grinding teeth at a time, one in each half of each jaw, and had two tusks; worn teeth were replaced about six times in a life. - [17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/17/) — Cave hyenas cracked bones with powerful jaws and dragged them to their dens, which scientists find by gnawed bones and fossil droppings. - [18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/18/) — Ice Age Ukraine was mostly cold dry grassland, the mammoth steppe, and the steppe bison was bigger than today's bison with longer horns. - [19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/19/) — At the end of the Ice Age the climate warmed fast, grasslands became forest and people hunted more; how much each mattered is still argued. - [20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/20/) — The last mammoths lived on a small Arctic island until about 4,000 years ago, when the pyramids of Egypt were already built. - ← previous: [Mammal giants of the past: Paraceratherium, Diprotodon, the giant beaver and Gigantopithecus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/384-mammal-giants-of-the-past-paraceratherium-diprotodon-the-giant-beaver-and-gigantopithecus/) - next →: [Giants people saw: Steller's sea cow, Haast's eagle, giant lemurs and elephant birds](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/386-giants-people-saw-steller-s-sea-cow-haast-s-eagle-giant-lemurs-and-elephant-birds/) - ↑ back to [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/)