--- title: Rhino horns are made of keratin, the same stuff as hair and nails, s… — Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lio… · tree and pragmatics description: Rhino horns are made of keratin, the same stuff as hair and nails, so they rot away and rarely become fossils. Who acts: nails. A sentence of the lesson «Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school w --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/) / 13 # Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses, sentence 13 Rhino horns are made of keratin, the same stuff as hair and nails, so they rot away and rarely become fossils. **Who acts:** nails · **What happens:** make, rot away, become · **To what, where:** Rhino horns, fossils This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nails), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson:13 # text = Rhino horns are made of keratin, the same stuff as hair and nails, so they rot away and rarely become fossils. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Rhino Rhino PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 horns horn NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 keratin keratin NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 stuff stuff NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 appos _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=6:conj 11 as as ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 hair hair NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 nails nail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 so so ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 rot rot VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:advcl 19 away away ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 21 rarely rarely ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 22 become become VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=18:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 23 fossils fossil NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:obj 24 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present · passive | | Rhino horns | | | | of keratin | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | | 2 | **rot away** | present | nails *= nail* | | | | | away *property* | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **become** | present | nails *= nail* *not said here* | fossils | | | | rarely *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/12/) - next →: [Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/)