--- title: Much of Ukraine was then a cold, dry grassland called the mammoth st… — Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lio… · tree and pragmatics description: Much of Ukraine was then a cold, dry grassland called the mammoth steppe. Who acts: Much, cold dry grassland. A sentence of the lesson «Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/) / 2 # Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses, sentence 2 Much of Ukraine was then a cold, dry grassland called the mammoth steppe. **Who acts:** Much, cold dry grassland · **What happens:** be, call · **To what, where:** cold dry grassland, mammoth steppe · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Much, cold dry grassland), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson:2 # text = Much of Ukraine was then a cold, dry grassland called the mammoth steppe. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 3 Ukraine Ukraine PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 4 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 5 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 10 advmod _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 7 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 grassland grassland NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 11 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 10 acl _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 mammoth mammoth NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 14 steppe steppe NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 15 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | past | Much of Ukraine | a cold dry grassland | | | then | | tree rules | | 2 | **call** | participle | a cold dry grassland *not said here* | the mammoth steppe | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent steppe=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/1/) - next →: [Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/)