--- title: The last mammoths lived on a small Arctic island until about 4,000 y… — Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lio… · tree and pragmatics description: The last mammoths lived on a small Arctic island until about 4,000 years ago, when the pyramids of Egypt were already built. Who acts: last mammoths. A sentence of the lesson «Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses» of the biology course of M --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/) / 20 # Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses, sentence 20 The last mammoths lived on a small Arctic island until about 4,000 years ago, when the pyramids of Egypt were already built. **Who acts:** last mammoths · **What happens:** live, build · **To what, where:** small Arctic island, pyramids This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears, cave lions, the Siberian unicorn and mammoth-bone houses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (last mammoths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson:20 # text = The last mammoths lived on a small Arctic island until about 4,000 years ago, when the pyramids of Egypt were already built. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 mammoths mammoth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 on on ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 7 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 8 Arctic arctic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 island island NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 10 until until ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 about about ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 12 4,000 4,000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 13 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:obl 14 ago ago ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 16 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 23 advmod _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 pyramids pyramid NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj:pass _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 Egypt Egypt PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 21 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux:pass _ _ 22 already already ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 built build VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 conj _ _ 24 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | past | the last mammoths | | | a small Arctic island | | ago *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on island=Location | | 2 | **build** | past · passive | | the pyramids of Egypt | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses.lesson:20`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ice Age Ukraine and Europe: cave bears…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/19/) - next →: [Giants people saw: Steller's sea cow,…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/386-giants-people-saw-steller-s-sea-cow-haast-s-eagle-giant-lemurs-and-elephant-birds/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/385-ice-age-ukraine-and-europe-cave-bears-cave-lions-the-siberian-unicorn-and-mammoth-bone-houses/)