---
title: A habit learned from others and passed on is a small piece of culture. — Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bo… · tree and pragmatics
description: A habit learned from others and passed on is a small piece of culture. Who acts: habit. A sentence of the lesson «Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and Ayumu's memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory/4/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Ka…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory/) / 4

# Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and Ayumu's memory, sentence 4

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A habit learned from others and passed on is a small piece of culture.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** habit · **What happens:** learn, pass on, be · **To what, where:** habit, others, small piece

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and Ayumu's memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (habit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory.lesson:4
# text = A habit learned from others and passed on is a small piece of culture.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	habit	habit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
3	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	culture	culture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | participle |  | a habit *not said here* |  | others |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from other=Source |
| 2 | **pass on** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | a habit | a small piece |  |  |  | of culture | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory.lesson:4`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Ka…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory/3/)
- next →: [Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Ka…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory/5/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory/)