--- title: People once thought only humans used tools; now we know birds, apes,… — Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bee… · tree and pragmatics description: People once thought only humans used tools; now we know birds, apes, otters and even fish do. Who acts: People, humans, we, birds. A sentence of the lesson «Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its depen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Surprising brains: tool-using fish, co…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs/) / 3 # Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs, sentence 3 People once thought only humans used tools; now we know birds, apes, otters and even fish do. **Who acts:** People, humans, we, birds · **What happens:** think, use, know, do · **To what, where:** tools · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Surprising brains: tool-using fish, counting bees, laughing rats and clever pigs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, humans, we, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs.lesson:3 # text = People once thought only humans used tools; now we know birds, apes, otters and even fish do. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 People people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 3 advmod _ _ 3 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 parataxis _ _ 4 only only ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 humans human NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 6 used use VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 7 tools tool NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 8 ; ; PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 9 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 11 advmod _ _ 10 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 11 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 12 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:obj 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 apes ape NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 otters otter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 even even ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 20 do do VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 21 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=20:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | People | | | | | once *property* | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 2 | **use** | past | humans | tools | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tool=Patient | | 3 | **know** | present | we | | | | now | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 4 | **do** | present | birds and apes and otters and fish | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Surprising brains: tool-using fish, co…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs/2/) - next →: [Surprising brains: tool-using fish, co…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/388-surprising-brains-tool-using-fish-counting-bees-laughing-rats-and-clever-pigs/)