--- title: Dogs know the world mostly by smell, and one scientist reported that… — How scientists test animal minds: the mirror tes… · tree and pragmatics description: Dogs know the world mostly by smell, and one scientist reported that dogs spend less time sniffing their own wee than another dog's. Who acts: Dogs, one scientist. A sentence of the lesson «How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans» of the biology course of Mova --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How scientists test animal minds: the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/) / 10 # How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans, sentence 10 Dogs know the world mostly by smell, and one scientist reported that dogs spend less time sniffing their own wee than another dog's. **Who acts:** Dogs, one scientist · **What happens:** know, report, spend, sniff · **To what, where:** world, own wee This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dogs, one scientist), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson:10 # text = Dogs know the world mostly by smell, and one scientist reported that dogs spend less time sniffing their own wee than another dog's. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 mostly mostly ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 6 by by ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 smell smell NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 10 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 11 scientist scientist NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 reported report VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 13 that that SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 14 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 15 spend spend VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 ccomp _ _ 16 less less ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 17 amod _ _ 17 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 sniffing sniff VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 15 advcl _ _ 19 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 20 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 wee wee NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 22 than than ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 24 det _ _ 24 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 25 's 's PART POS _ 24 case _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | present | Dogs | the world | | | | by smell | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer world=Stimulus | | 2 | **report** | past | one scientist | | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **spend** | present | dogs | | | | time | | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **sniff** | gerund | dogs *not said here* | scientists's own wee | | | | than another dog | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wee=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How scientists test animal minds: the…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/9/) - next →: [How scientists test animal minds: the…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/)