--- title: Alex the grey parrot learned to name colours and shapes, say the num… — How scientists test animal minds: the mirror tes… · tree and pragmatics description: Alex the grey parrot learned to name colours and shapes, say the number of objects up to about six and say «none» when two things had no difference. Who acts: Alex, two things. A sentence of the lesson «How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans» of the biology c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How scientists test animal minds: the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/) / 16 # How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans, sentence 16 Alex the grey parrot learned to name colours and shapes, say the number of objects up to about six and say «none» when two things had no difference. **Who acts:** Alex, two things · **What happens:** learn, name, say up, say, have · **To what, where:** colours, number, six, none, difference · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «How scientists test animal minds: the mirror test, puzzle boxes and Clever Hans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alex, two things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson:16 # text = Alex the grey parrot learned to name colours and shapes, say the number of objects up to about six and say «none» when two things had no difference. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Alex Alex PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 grey grey ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 parrot parrot NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 appos _ _ 5 learned learn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:mark 7 name name VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 8 colours colour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:obj 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 shapes shape NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 say say VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 number number NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 objects object NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nmod _ _ 17 up up ADP RP _ 12 compound:prt _ _ 18 to to ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 about about ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 20 six six NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 12 obl _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 say say VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 23 « « ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 none none PRON NN PronType=Neg 22 obj _ _ 25 » » PUNCT '' _ 24 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=29:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:,:_ 26 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 29 advmod _ _ 27 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 28 nummod _ _ 28 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ _ 29 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:parataxis 30 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 31 det _ _ 31 difference difference NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obj _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **learn** | past | Alex | | | | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **name** | to-infinitive | Alex *not said here* | colours and shapes | | | | | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Theme | | 3 | **say up** *speech: assert* | infinitive | | the number of objects | six | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent number=Topic to six=Recipient | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | | none | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent none=Topic | | 5 | **have** | past | two things | no difference | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent difference=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How scientists test animal minds: the…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/15/) - next →: [How scientists test animal minds: the…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/389-how-scientists-test-animal-minds-the-mirror-test-puzzle-boxes-and-clever-hans/)